Applying Marxist Literary Theory to "The Necklace" by Guy de Maupassant Marxism and Marxist literary criticism are fundamental theories that analyze literature through an economic lens. Founded by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the mid-nineteenth century, Marxism proposes that society is divided into the proletariat (working class) and the bourgeoisie (upper class). It suggests that the bourgeoisie manipulates societal structures to suppress the working class. The objective of Marxism is to establish a classless society based on collective ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange. When applying Marxist literary theory, literature is examined from an economic standpoint. The analysis involves determining whether the text reflects or challenges the dominant ideology, as well as identifying the class to which the characters belong. An essential aspect is understanding the influence of economic status on the characters' lives. The examination also i...

The Quest for Identity in a Post-Colonial World: A Critical Study of Derek Walcott’s Dream on Monkey Mountain The question of identity has confused the characters of the post-colonial world. The colonial approach inevitably gives rise to the notion of identity. The conflict between colonizers and colonies damaged the cultural and material heritage of the colonies. It also disturbs the mental balance of the colonies. Claims of power are not always forcible and violent but sometimes intervening. As a result of the various techniques of domination, the natives find themselves in an existential crisis and suffer from an identity complex. The work of colonial writers has been to show the effects of different forms of domination. However, authors such as Derek Walcott, Chinua Achebe, and Wole Soyinka not only explore different aspects of the crisis but also boldly try to influence the dominant ones to overcome this colonial legacy.   “Dream on Monkey Mountain” is a representative of W...

O sweet spontaneous earth how often have (1-2) Mother Earth in its natural state The poet considers the earth sweet and spontaneous. She's sweet because she doesn't hurt anyone. Earth is spontaneous because it is dynamic and natural. She goes on her way without stopping and slowing down. The poet may intend to say that those who live on earth should be sweet manner and spontaneous in their good deeds. the doting  fingers of prurient philosophers pinched and poked thee (3-9) War in the name of philosophy The poet mentions that the emotional fingers of erotic philosophers pinch and poke mother earth. A philosopher is "an intellectual who has contributed to one or more branches of philosophy such as aesthetics, ethics, theology, logic, social theory, and political philosophy." Such has become selfish and infamous. They do not do what they say. Political leaders follow certain philosophies and live in the illusion that their philosophy is better than others. They fight ag...

 'A Far Cry from Africa' by Derek Walcott.  This is an African literature piece of literature that definitely carries the flavour of Africa. In fact, African literature is more post-normal as compared to any other literature with this theme. The title is "A Far Cry From Africa" , it's a cry that is not close, that is not near, it is far away. It's powerful as well, in another sense, because it's coming from Africa. That means oppression is there and because of that oppression, the cry is coming up. The cry can also be taken in two senses. One may be a cry of pain, another may be a cry of protest. In both ways, the point can be seen to be A Far Cry From Africa. Derek Walcott is a very famous post-colonial writer and is known not only as a teacher but also as a playwright. Dream and Monkey Mountain is one of the plays written by him, and in that drama as well, he portrays similar skills as he shows in his poems. This is why he is a post-non-writer. He is a ...

Summary of the Ghost of Firozsha Baag  The Tales of the Feroze Baag (1987, Penguin ), Rohinton Mistry's first book, is a collection of stories about the residents of a Parsi-majority apartment complex in Mumbai called Feroze Baag . Ghost of Feroz Shah Baag ; A story full of humour is part of this collection. This is the story of a Christian woman from Goan who works as an Ayah for a Parsi family living in Feroze Baag Her name is Jacqueline , but her employer's family, who have been working for her for decades, called her Jaakaylee . A simple pronunciation of their own. You can also check:  A Critical Explanation of “The Ghost of Firozsha Baag” by Rohinton Mistry The plot of the story begins with Jaykaylee seeing a ghost coming down the stairs when she returns to her employer's house in the early hours of Christmas morning , after a midnight gathering. Both the master and the lady of the house, Seth and Bai , rejected the ghost story of  Ayah, and even neighbours made f...

 A Basic Understanding of Ferdinand de Saussure's Semiotics Language is a complex system of signs that enables the expression of ideas and can be likened to other sign systems such as writing, the alphabet of deaf mutes, symbolic rituals, polite expressions, military signals, and more. However, it holds a paramount position among these systems. One can conceive a scientific study that delves into the existence and functioning of signs within society. This study would fall within the realm of social psychology and, consequently, general psychology. I shall name this field "semiology," derived from the Greek word sēmeîon, meaning "sign." Semiology would explore the nature of signs and the laws that govern them. According to Saussure, signs consist of two fundamental components: 1) A sound image or signifier, which is the perceptible form of the sign. 2) A concept or signified, which is the mental representation produced by the signifier. It is crucial to recognize...